WhatsApp crash: Are decentralized blockchain messengers a real alternative?

For the reason that introduction of ICQ — the progenitor of on-line chat functions — the expectation from instantaneous messaging (IM) providers has by no means modified. Customers merely need them to work, which apparently was a tall order, given the frequent downtimes hottest chat apps expertise these days. 

Launched the identical yr as Bitcoin (BTC), WhatsApp is without doubt one of the most generally used chat apps on the planet. Owned by Meta (the secure of which additionally boasts Instagram and Fb), WhatsApp stands because the epitome of centralized providers. That’s why when the service goes down, it has a much wider influence than simply leaving over two billion month-to-month customers scratching their heads and complaining on Twitter.

WhatsApp embodies the qualities of a centralized mindset completely: It has mainstream attain, an trade large backs it and regardless of almost one-third of the planet utilizing it, folks have completely no say over the ultimate product.

Why do centralized chat apps go down?

When a product is managed and managed by a central entity, it tends to observe sure processes throughout its lifecycle. Somebody has to shoulder full duty for the assorted features of the centralized product. 

The huge scale of the product turns even tiny updates right into a chaos of human errors, database points and never having sufficient time to check the model earlier than pushing out the replace to fulfill stakeholder expectations. Coupled with the quite a few cyber assaults on the infrastructure itself, the extra the service is centralized and managed by a single entity, the extra the “typical suspects of failure” fill the room.

Can decentralized providers repair downtimes?

Communication-focused decentralized apps (DApps), then again, present anti-fragile methods, co-founder and CEO of Web3 service supplier Heirloom Nick Dazè informed Cointelegraph. He mentioned that decentralized messengers get stronger with each consumer onboarded as a result of they basically operate as “nodes” that hold the system functioning correctly. 

“The important thing distinction is that there’s not one single level of failure,” Dazè said, likening it to a balloon that’s compressed on one half, which turns into geometrically smaller whereas nonetheless containing the air from the compressed part: “The entire air nonetheless exists. It’s simply pushed to a unique part of the balloon.”

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In fact, decentralized apps include their very own set of challenges, and one in all them is scaling. DApps can’t compete with centralized providers with out with the ability to tackle a billion-level consumer base, however Dazè believes DApps can overcome scaling points by answering two questions: “The place does all of this information ‘dwell?’” and “How will we scale back community spam?”

Addressing the primary subject, Dazè sees public key-based addressing as a good answer, “Because it serves as a limiting operate on the quantity of information essential to deal with.” Relating to the second subject, Dazè mentioned that disincentives for spam should be created, accompanied by Captcha servers.

Redundancy is the secret

Cointelegraph additionally reached out to Chris McCabe, the co-founder of the Oxen Challenge — recognized for its decentralized IM app Session. When requested how decentralized IM apps deal with crashes and downtimes, McCabe pointed to redundancy: 

“Decentralized networks have plenty of redundancy inbuilt. If one server goes down, one other one is there to take its place.” 

He mentioned the Oxen Service Node Community, a set of incentivized nodes serving because the infrastructure of Oxen and its choices, has over 1,600 nodes operated by tons of of individuals worldwide.

“It will take a catastrophic occasion to take the community down,” McCabe claimed, including that the community is provided to proceed as typical regardless of experiencing main occasions every now and then.

“Prior to now, we noticed one-fifth of nodes go offline out of the blue, however Session continued sending messages as regular. The community self-heals, and it hasn’t had a complete freeze of communication as now we have seen with centralized networks.”

Session can at the moment deal with about 5 million customers — a tiny portion of WhatsApp’s consumer base. Nonetheless, McCabe mentioned the staff will proceed to launch updates for a extra in depth decentralized storage community and better community bandwidth.

The Oxen co-founder admitted that whether or not a decentralized community might deal with the visitors that WhatsApp or Messenger face every day has but to be confirmed. Nonetheless, he’s hopeful that Session may very well be the primary app to check that concept.

“Session is gaining reputation not solely as a result of it hasn’t gone down,” he summarized, including, “But additionally as a result of persons are sick and bored with having their information systematically collected, analyzed and weaponized in opposition to them.” 

Unmanipulated, unreadable and untraceable

The decentralized ecosystem gives a variety of tasks and apps with totally different priorities. One such is TransferChain, a peer-to-peer messaging app that focuses on privateness. Tuna Özen, the co-founder of TransferChain, informed Cointelegraph that whereas the scalability side in decentralization is a grey space, being scalable or non-scalable is the results of design choices. 

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“The primary false impression that drives merchandise to be non-scalable is assuming that any blockchain design can meet all wants,” Özen mentioned. He prompt that a number of variables together with block quantity, block era charge, consensus, choice algorithm, token integration, community price and profit construction and community participation construction ought to be taken into consideration:

“Simply as it’s affordable to anticipate a track-proven race automotive constructed purely for velocity to ship the identical efficiency in off-road situations, it’s simply as affordable to anticipate a blockchain strategy that isn’t particularly designed for services to be scalable.”

Tuna Özen and his staff describe TransferChain as a cloud platform powered by a decentralized decision-making mechanism on a distributed ledger. The app differs from its centralized counterparts with the place and the way the communication information is saved in addition to the clear storage of the method — which is unmanipulated, unreadable and untraceable in accordance with Özen.

Though decentralized providers supply extra resilient infrastructures, they nonetheless have a protracted approach to go to meet up with their centralized counterparts when it comes to consumer base and mainstream adoption. One other factor to recollect is that as DApps get extra in style, they may in all probability must face extra regulatory scrutiny and governments worldwide would undoubtedly have bother with this new type of communication — given they solely not too long ago began to get a grasp of the brand new type of cash.